The resin that exchanges ions.
Where do hardness ions go inside a softener?
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Where do hardness ions go inside a softener?
Fit resin, service valve and regeneration tank
Calcium and magnesium bind to the exchange resin in place of sodium. Once the available sites are full, hardness passes through. Concentrated brine drives the exchange back toward sodium-form resin.
Ideal sharp exchange front, capacity in mmol of divalent hardness ions, 2 Na+ released per Ca2+/Mg2+ captured. Brine at least 50 g restores the illustrative 500 mmol bed. Kinetics and salt efficiency are omitted.
Treat at least 100 L with average outgoing hardness below 0.2 mmol/L.
Capture hardness ions, then regenerate the resin.